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DISCC Method

DISCC Method: Summary:

DISCC stands for dialog, immersion, story, context and common words. It’s a unique and powerful language learning methodology that was invented by Giga Learner’s founder.

More info:

At Giga Learner, we believe that anyone can learn a new language quickly and effectively, and we’re here to prove it.

Our innovative approach, the DISCC Method, is designed to immerse you in your new language through dialog, story, context, and the most common words used in everyday conversation.

The DISCC Method – A Revolutionary Approach to Language Learning

The DISCC Method, crafted by our founder Adam Radly, is a unique language learning strategy that simplifies the process of acquiring a new language.

Here’s how it works:

Dialog

Remember how you learned your first language as a child? By listening and then speaking.

At Giga Learner, we replicate this natural learning process.

You’ll listen to a lot of dialog to become familiar with the sounds and rhythms of your new language, and you’ll start speaking as soon as you’re ready.

Immersion

While living in a foreign country for language immersion is effective, it’s not always practical.

Giga Learner brings the immersion experience to you, without the stress and impracticality of uprooting your life or hiring a 24/7 tutor.

Context

Learning within a context that interests you transforms a tedious task into an engaging journey.

Whether you’re a chef eager to master Italian for culinary arts or a traveler wanting to converse with locals, we tailor your learning to your passions.

Stories

Stories captivate us and make information stick.

At Giga Learner, we integrate storytelling into your language learning, making it easier for you to remember new words and phrases as part of an engaging narrative.

Common Words

By focusing on the 1,000 most common words used in everyday dialog, you’ll quickly grasp about 80% of the language you’ll encounter in regular conversations.

With Giga Learner, you’ll learn these words through practical use, not just memorization.

How Giga Learner Makes It All Possible

Giga Learner combines all these elements into a seamless and enjoyable learning experience.

Our AI-driven platform immerses you in story-based dialogs within contexts that interest you, using the most common words you need to know.

No Experience Necessary

You don’t need any prior knowledge of the language or technical skills. Just sign up, say “Hi,” and our intelligent chatbot will guide you through a personalized learning experience.

Tailored Learning

The chatbot will ask you about your interests and goals, then provide you with a story-based dialog that uses the most common words relevant to your chosen context.

You’ll hear the pronunciation, see translations, and be able to ask unlimited questions to deepen your understanding.

Progress at Your Pace

Start with the 100 most common words and work your way up.

Our system is designed to reinforce what you’ve learned while introducing new words in a natural progression.

A Story with a Twist

To keep you engaged, our chatbot is trained to generate dialogs that not only teach you the language but also entertain you with a twist in every story.

Join us at Giga Learner and embark on a language learning adventure that’s as effective as it is enjoyable.

Say goodbye to boring textbooks and hello to a world where language learning is integrated into your life, one story at a time.

Ready to become a language master in 100 days? Let’s get started!

Language Proficiency Levels

Language Proficiency (“LP”) level for learning to speak French

The LP level reflects a person’s proficiency in a language by measuring the size of their vocabulary. The LP is broken down into 10 levels as follows:

Level 1: the 100 most commonly used words.
Level 2: the 200 most commonly used words.
Level 3: the 300 most commonly used words.
Level 4: the 400 most commonly used words.
Level 5: the 500 most commonly used words.
Level 6: the 600 most commonly used words.
Level 7: the 700 most commonly used words.
Level 8: the 800 most commonly used words.
Level 9: the 900 most commonly used words.
Level 10: the 1000 most commonly used words.

1,000 most used words in Japanese

People

にんげん、人間 – human (ningen)
じんるい、人類 – humanity (jinrui)
ひと、人 – person (hito)
おとこ、男 – male (otoko)
おとこのひと、男の人 – man (otokonohito)
おとこのこ、男の子 – boy (otokonoko)
おんな、女 – female (onna)
おんなのひと、女の人 – woman (onnanohito)
おんなのこ、女の子 – girl (onnanoko)
あかちゃん、赤ちゃん – baby (akachan)
わかもの、若者 – youth, young person (wakamono)
わたし、私 – I, myself (watashi)
わたくし、私 – I, myself (watakushi [most formal])
ぼく、僕 – I, myself (boku, mainly used by males)
おれ、俺 – I, myself (ore, mainly used by males [informal])
あたし、私 – I, myself (atashi, mainly used by females [softer sounding])
しょうじょ、少女 – girl (shoujo)
しょうねん、少年 – boy (shounen)

Occupations

いしゃ、医者 – doctor (isha)
かんごし、看護師 – nurse (kangoshi)
かんごふ、看護婦 – female nurse (kangofu)
しかい、歯科医、はいしゃ、歯医者 – dentist (shikai, ha-isha)
せいじか、政治家 – politician (seijika)
べんごし、弁護士 – lawyer (bengoshi)
しょうぼうし、消防士 – firefighter (shouboushi)
けいさつかん、警察官 – police officer (keisatsukan)
へいし、兵士 – soldier (heishi)
けんちくか、建築家 – architect (kenchikuka)
せんせい、先生 – teacher (sensei)
きょうし、教師 – (academic) teacher (kyoushi)
かしゅ、歌手 – singer (kashu)
エンジニア – engineer(enjinia)

Body

あし、足、脚 – foot, leg (ashi)
かかと、踵 – heel (kakato)
すね、脛 – shin (sune)
ひざ、膝 – knee (hiza)
もも、腿 – thigh (momo)
あたま、頭 – head (atama)
かお、顔 – face (kao)
くち、口 – mouth (kuchi)
くちびる、唇 – lips (kuchibiru)
は、歯 – tooth (ha)
はな、鼻 – nose (hana)
め、目 – eye (me)
ひげ、髭、鬚、髯 – moustache, beard (hige)
かみ、髪 – hair (kami)
みみ、耳 – ear (mimi)
おなか、御腹 – stomach (onaka)
うで、腕 – arm (ude)
ひじ、肘 – elbow (hiji)
かた、肩 – shoulder (kata)
つめ、爪 – nail (tsume)
て、手 – hand (te)
てくび、手首 – wrist (tekubi)
てのひら、掌、手の平 – palm of hand (te-no-hira)
ゆび、指 – finger, toe (yubi)
しり、尻 – buttocks (shiri)
おなか、お腹（はら、腹） – abdomen (o-naka)
かんぞう、肝臓 – liver (kanzō)
きも、肝 – liver (kimo)
きんにく、筋肉 – muscle (kin’niku)
くび、首 – neck (kubi)
こころ、心 – heart [as in feelings] (kokoro)
こし、腰 – waist, hip (koshi)
しんぞう、心臓 – heart (shinzō)
せなか、背中 – back (senaka)
ち、血 – blood (chi)
にく、肉 – meat (niku)
はだ、肌、膚 – skin (hada)
ひふ、皮膚 – skin (hifu)
ほね、骨 – bone (hone)
むね、胸 – chest (mune)
かぜ、風邪 – cold [illness] (kaze)
げり、下痢 – diarrhea (geri)
びょうき、病気 – illness (byōki)

Family

かぞく、家族 – family (kazoku)
りょうしん、両親 – parents (ryoushin)
こども、子供 – children, child (kodomo)
ちち、父 – father (chichi)(“otou-san”)
はは、母 – mother (haha)(“okaa-san”)
つま、妻 – wife (tsuma)
おっと、夫 – husband (otto)
あに、兄 – older brother (ani) (onī-san)
あね、姉 – older sister (ane) (onē-san)
おとうと、弟 – younger brother (otōto)
いもうと、妹 – younger sister (imōto)
きょうだい、兄弟 – brothers, siblings (kyōdai)
しまい、姉妹 – sisters (shimai)
そふ、祖父 – grandfather (sofu) (ojii-san)
そぼ、祖母 – grandmother (sobo) (obaa-san)
まご、孫 – grandchild (mago)
おじ、伯父、叔父 – uncle (oji) (oji-san)
おば、伯母、叔母 – aunt (oba) (oba-san)
いとこ、従兄弟、従姉妹、従兄、従弟、従姉、従妹 – cousin (itoko)
めい、姪 – niece (mei)
おい、甥 – nephew (oi)

Life

いきもの、生き物 – living creatures (ikimono)
ばけもの、化け物 – monster (bakemono)

Animals

どうぶつ、動物 – animal (dōbutsu)
チーター – cheetah (chītā)
いぬ、犬 – dog (inu)
ねこ、猫 – cat (neko)
うし、牛 – cow (ushi)
ぶた、豚 – pig (buta)
うま、馬 – horse (uma)
ひつじ、羊 – sheep (hitsuji)
さる、猿 – monkey (saru)
ねずみ、鼠 – mouse, rat (nezumi)
とら、虎 – tiger (tora)
オオカミ、狼 – wolf (ōkami)
うさぎ、兎 – rabbit (usagi)
りゅう、たつ、竜 – dragon (ryū, tatsu)
しか、鹿 – deer (shika)
かえる、蛙 – frog (kaeru)
がま、蟇 – toad (gama)
しし、獅子 – lion (shishi)
キリン、麒麟 – giraffe (kirin)
ぞう、象 – elephant (zō)
とり、鳥 – bird (tori)
にわとり、鶏 – chicken (niwatori)
すずめ、雀 – sparrow (suzume)
からす、烏 – crow, raven (karasu)
わし、鷲 – eagle (washi)
たか、鷹 – hawk, falcon (taka)
さかな、魚 – fish (sakana)
たい、鯛 – red snapper (tai)
えび、海老 – shrimp, lobster (ebi)
いわし、鰯 – sardine (iwashi)
まぐろ、鮪 – tuna (maguro)
かつお、鰹 – bonito (katsuo)
さんま、秋刀魚 – pike (sanma)
あじ、鰺 – horse mackerel (aji)
さば、鯖 – mackerel (saba)
イカ、烏賊 – squid (ika)
タコ、蛸、章魚 – octopus (tako)
むし、虫 – insect (mushi)
ちょう、蝶 – butterfly (chō)
ガ、蛾 – moth (ga)
せみ、蝉 – cicada (semi)
トンボ、蜻蛉 – dragonfly (tonbo)
バッタ、飛蝗 – grasshopper (batta)
クモ、蜘蛛 – spider (kumo)
ホタル、蛍 – firefly (hotaru)
ハエ、蝿、蠅 – housefly (hae)
カ、蚊 – mosquito, gnat (ka)
ゴキブリ、蜚蠊 – cockroach (gokiburi)
カタツムリ、蝸牛 – snail (katatsumuri)
ナメクジ、蛞蝓 – slug (namekuji)
ミミズ、蚯蚓 – earthworm (mimizu)
かい、貝 – shellfish (kai)
かいがら、貝殻 – shell (kaigara)
トカゲ、蜥蜴 – lizard (tokage)
へび、蛇 – snake (hebi)
くま、熊 – bear(kuma)

Plants

しょくぶつ、植物 – plants (shokubutsu)
くさ、草 – grass (kusa)
はな、花 – flower (hana)
み、実 – fruit (mi)
き、木 – tree (ki)
は、葉 (はっぱ、葉っぱ) – leaf (ha, happa)
ね、根 (ねっこ、根っ子) – root (ne, nekko)
くき、茎 – stem (kuki)
きのこ、茸 – mushroom (kinoko)
きく、菊 – chrysanthemum (kiku)
さくら、桜 – cherry blossom (sakura)
まつ、松 – pine tree (matsu)
うめ、梅 – japanese plum or apricot (ume)

Crops

こめ、米 – uncooked rice (kome)
いね、稲 – rice growing in a field (ine)
むぎ、麦 – wheat, barley, oats (mugi)
やさい、野菜 – vegetable (yasai)
くだもの、果物 – fruit for eating (kudamono)
いも、芋 – yam, potato, taro (imo)
まめ、豆 – beans, peas (mame)
だいこん、大根 – Japanese white radish (daikon)
にんじん、人参 – carrot (ninjin)
リンゴ、林檎 – apple (ringo)
ミカン、蜜柑 – mandarin orange (mikan)
バナナ、かんしょう、甘蕉 – banana (banana, kanshō)
ナシ、梨 – pear (nashi)
クリ、栗 – chestnut tree (kuri)
モモ、桃 – peach (momo)
トマト、ばんか、蕃茄 – tomato (tomato, banka)
スイカ、西瓜 – watermelon (suika)

Food

たべもの、食べ物 – food (tabemono)
ちょうしょく、朝食 – breakfast (chōshoku, asagohan)
ひるごはん、昼御飯 – lunch (hirugohan)
ばんごはん、晩御飯 – dinner (bangohan)
ごはん、御飯 – cooked rice or meal (gohan)
みそ、味噌 – miso (miso)
りょうり、料理 – cooking (ryōri)
サラダ – salad (sarada)
デザート – dessert (dezāto)
パン – bread (pan)
サンドイッチ – sandwich (sandoitchi)
おやつ、間食 – snack (oyatsu, kanshoku)
アイスクリーム – ice cream (aisukurīmu)
たこやき、たこ焼き – octopus dumpling (takoyaki)

Drink

のみもの、飲み物 – drink/beverage (nomimono)
ちゃ、茶 – tea (cha)
おちゃ、お茶 – green tea (ocha)
コーヒー、珈琲 – coffee (kōhī)
ぎゅうにゅう、牛乳 – milk (gyūnyū)
みず、水 – water (mizu)
ビール – beer (bīru)
ワイン – wine (wain)

Seasoning

さとう、砂糖 – sugar (satō)
しお、塩 – salt (shio)
しょうゆ、醤油 – soy sauce (shōyu)

Time

じかん、時間 – time (jikan)
とき、じ、時 – ~hours (toki, ji)
こよみ、カレンダー、暦 – calendar (koyomi, karendā)
ふん、分 – minute (fun)
びょう、秒 – second (byō)
ひ、にち、日 – day (hi, nichi)
つき、がつ、月 – month (tsuki, gatsu)
(# -gatsu / (January,1st Month): Ichi-,Ni-,San-,Shi-,Go-,Roku-,Shichi-,Hachi-,Ku-,Jyu-,JyuIchi-,JyuNi- (December,12th Month)
とし、ねん、年 – year (toshi, nen)
(Last year: kyonen, this year: kotoshi, next year: rainen)
きのう、さくじつ、昨日 – yesterday (kinō, sakujitsu)
きょう、今日 – today (kyō)
あした、あす、みょうにち、明日 – tomorrow (ashita, asu, myōnichi)
あさ、朝 – morning (asa)
(Yesterday morning: kinou no asa, this morning: kesa, tomorrow morning: ashita no asa)
ひる、昼 – afternoon (hiru)
ゆうがた、夕方 – evening (yūgata)
ばん、晩 – evening (ban)
よる、夜 – evening, night (yoru)
ようび、曜日 – ~day (yōbi)
しゅう、週 – week (shū)
(Last week: senshū, this week: konshū, next week: raishū)
いっしゅうかん、一週間 – one week (isshūkan)

Week Days

にちようび、日曜日 – Sunday (nichi-yōbi)
げつようび、月曜日 – Monday (getsu-yōbi)
かようび、火曜日 – Tuesday (ka-yōbi)
すいようび、水曜日 – Wednesday (sui-yōbi)
もくようび、木曜日 – Thursday (moku-yōbi)
きんようび、金曜日 – Friday (kin-yōbi)
どようび、土曜日 – Saturday (do-yōbi)

Weather

たいよう、太陽 – sun (taiyō)
つき、月 – moon (tsuki)
ほし、星 – star (hoshi)
てんき、天気 – weather (tenki)
はれ、晴れ – clear weather (hare)
あめ、雨 – rain (ame)
くもり、曇り – cloudy (kumori)
ゆき、雪 – snow (yuki)
かぜ、風 – wind (kaze)
かみなり、雷 – thunder, lightning (kaminari)
たいふう、台風 – typhoon (taifū)
あらし、嵐 – storm (arashi)
そら、空 – sky (sora)

Directions and positions

きた、北 – north (kita)
ひがし、東 – east (higashi)
みなみ、南 – south (minami)
にし、西 – west (nishi)
ここ – here (koko)
そこ – there (soko)
あそこ – over there (asoko)
みぎ、右 – right (migi)
ひだり、左 – left (hidari)
うえ、上 – above, up (ue)
した、下 – below, down (shita)
まえ、前 – front (mae)
うしろ、後 – behind (ushiro)
むこう、向こう – the other side, opposite side (mukō)
ななめ、斜め – diagonal (naname)
てまえ、手前 – nearer, more in front (temae)
とおい、遠い – far (tooi)
ちかい、近い – near, close (chikai)

Materials

みず、水 – water (mizu)
ゆ、湯 – hot water (yu)
こおり、氷 – ice (kōri)
ゆげ、湯気 – steam (yuge)
ひ、火 – fire (hi)
ガス – gas (gasu)
くうき、空気 – air, atmosphere (kūki)
つち、土 – earth, ground (tsuchi)
きんぞく、金属 – metal, metallic (kinzoku)
どろ、泥 – mud, mire, clay, plaster (doro)
けむり、煙 – smoke, tobacco, opium (kemuri)
てつ、鉄 – iron [Fe] (tetsu)
どう、銅 – copper [Cu] (dō)
きん、金 – gold [Au]; money (kin)
ぎん、銀 – silver [Ag]; wealth (gin)
なまり、鉛 – lead [Pb] (namari)
しお、塩 – salt [NaCl] (shio)

Weights and measures

メートル – meter (mētoru)
リットル – litre (rittoru)
グラム – gram (guramu)
キロ – kilo- (kiro)
ミリ – milli- (miri)
センチメートル、センチ – centimeter (senchi)
インチ – inch (inchi)

Society

しゃかい、社会 – society (shakai)
けいざい、経済 – economy, economics (keizai)
かいしゃ、会社 – company (kaisha)
かいぎ、会議 – meeting (kaigi)
がっこう、学校 – school (gakkō)
やくしょ、役所 – local government office (yakusho)
みせ、店 – store (mise)
ホテル – hotel (hoteru)
こうじょう、工場 – factory (kōjō)
かね、金 – money (kane, most commonly o-kane)
さつ、札 – bill [of money, e.g., a thousand-yen bill] (satsu)
こぜに、小銭 – small change (kozeni)
つりせん、釣り銭、おつり、お釣り – change (tsurisen), change (o-tsuri)
じどうはんばいき、自動販売機 – vending machine, slot machine (jidōhanbaiki)
きっぷ、切符 – ticket (public transport, fine) (kippu)
きって、切手 – stamp (kitte)

Human made objects

Home

つくえ、机 – desk (tsukue)
いす、椅子 – chair, position (isu)
たたみ、畳 – a tatami mat (tatami)
と、戸 – door, family (to)
とびら、扉 – door panel (tobira)
ドア – door (doa)
まど、窓 – window (mado)
ふとん、布団 – futon (futon)
げんかん、玄関 – entrance (genkan)
いえ、家 – house, home (ie)
エレベーター – elevator (erebētā)
エスカレーター – escalator (esukarētā)
でんき、電気 – electricity (denki)

Tools

くぎ、釘 – nail, spike (kugi)
ひも、紐 – string, cord (himo)
なわ、縄 – rope, string (nawa)
ふくろ、袋 – pocket, bag (fukuro)
かばん、鞄 – leather bag (kaban)
かさ、傘 – umbrella, parasol (kasa)
かぎ、鍵 – door bolt, key (kagi)
ちょうこく、彫刻 – sculpture, engraving (chōkoku)

Stationery

ぶんぼうぐ、文房具 – stationery (bunbōgu)
インク – ink (inku)
ペン – pen (pen)
ボールペン – ball-point pen (bōrupen)
まんねんひつ、万年筆 – fountain pen (mannenhitsu)
えんぴつ、鉛筆 – pencil (enpitsu)
ふで、筆 – brush for writing or painting (fude)
チョーク – chalk (chōku)
けしゴム、消しゴム – eraser (keshigomu)
えんぴつけずり、鉛筆削り – pencil sharpener (enpitsu-kezuri)
じょうぎ、定規 – ruler (jōgi)
ノート – notebook (nōto)
にっき、日記 – diary (nikki)
カバー – book cover (kabā)
ふうとう、封筒 – envelope (fūtō)
はさみ、鋏 – scissors (hasami)
ホッチキス – stapler (hotchikisu)

Clothes

ふく、服 – clothes (fuku)
ようふく、洋服 – western clothing (yōfuku)
きもの、着物 – kimono (kimono)
わふく、和服 – Japanese clothing (wafuku)
そで、袖 – sleeve (sode)
えり、襟 – lapel, collar (eri)
ボタン – button (botan)
チャック、ファスナー、ジッパー – zipper, zipper fastener (chakku, fasunā, jippā)
ベルト – belt (beruto)
くつ、靴 – shoe (kutsu)
くつした、靴下 – sock (kutsushita)
めがね、眼鏡 – glasses (megane)

Transport

てつどう、鉄道 – railway (tetsudō)
えき、駅 – station (eki)
ひこうき、飛行機 – airplane (hikōki)
くうこう、空港（ひこうじょう、飛行場） – airport (kūkō, hikōjō)
みち、道 – street, way, road (michi)
どうろ、道路 – road (dōro)
バスてい、バス停 – bus-stop (basutei)
とおり、通り – avenue (tōri)
でんしゃ、電車 – train (densha)
くるま、車 (じどうしゃ、自動車) – car (kuruma, jidōsha)
じてんしゃ、自転車 –　bicycle (Jitensha)

Language

もじ、文字 – letter, character, script (moji)
じ、字 – a letter, character (ji)
かんじ、漢字 – Chinese character (kanji)
ひらがな、平仮名 – hiragana syllabary characters (hiragana)
カタカナ、片仮名 – katakana syllabary characters (katakana)
すうじ、数字 – numbers (sūji)
アルファベット – alphabet (arufabetto)
ローマ字 – Roman characters, Latin script (rōmaji)

がいこくご、外国語 – foreign language (gaikokugo)
にほんご、日本語（こくご、国語） – Japanese [language] (nihongo)
えいご、英語 – English [language] (eigo)
ちゅうごくご、中国語 – Chinese [language] (chūgokugo)
どいつご、ドイツ語 – German [language] (doitsugo)
すぺいんご、スペイン語 – Spanish [language] (supeingo)
ふらんすご、フランス語 – French [language] (furansugo)
ちょうせんご、朝鮮語、かんこくご、韓国語 – Korean [language], South Korean [language] (chōsengo, kankokugo)

Media

ほん、本 – book (hon)
かみ、紙 – paper (kami)
てがみ、手紙 – letter (tegami)
しんぶん、新聞 – newspaper (shinbun)
じしょ、辞書 – dictionary (jisho)
パソコン – personal computer (pasokon)

Colors

いろ、色 – color (iro, shikisai)
あか、赤 – red (aka)
きいろ、黄色 – yellow (kiiro)
みどり、緑 – green (midori)
あお、青 – blue (ao)
むらさき、紫 – purple (murasaki, murasakiiro)
しろ、白 – white (shiro)
くろ、黒 – black (kuro)
ピンク – pink (pinku)
ちゃいろ、茶色 – brown (chairo)
はいいろ、灰色、ねずみいろ、鼠色 – grey (haiiro, nezumiiro)
オレンジ – orange (orenji)

Others

え、絵 – picture (e)
おんがく、音楽 – music (ongaku)
りか、理科 – science (rika)
さんすう、算数 – arithmetic (sansū)
れきし、歴史 – history (rekishi)
ちり、地理 – geography (chiri)
たいいく、体育 – physical education (taiiku)
スポーツ – sport (supōtsu)
システム – system (shisutemu)
じょうほう、情報 – information, news (jōhō)
ひつよう、必要 – necessity (hitsuyō)
べんきょう、勉強 – study (benkyō)
いらい、依頼 – request (irai)

Numbers

れい、ゼロ、零 – zero (rei, zero)
いち、一 – one (ichi)
に、二 – two (ni)
さん、三 – three (san)
よん、し、四 – four (yon, shi)
ご、五 – five (go)
ろく、六 – six (roku)
なな、しち、七 – seven (nana, shichi)
はち、八 – eight (hachi)
きゅう、く、九 – nine (kyū, ku)
じゅう、十 – ten (jū)
ひゃく、百 – hundred (hyaku)
せん、千 – thousand (sen)
まん、万 – ten thousand (man)
おく、億 – one hundred million (oku)
ひとつ、一つ – one, one thing (hitotsu)
ふたつ、二つ – two, two things (futatsu)
みっつ、三つ – three, three things (mittsu)
よっつ、四つ – four, four things (yottsu)
いつつ、五つ – five, five things (itsutsu)
むっつ、六つ – six, six things (muttsu)
ななつ、七つ – seven, seven things (nanatsu)
やっつ、八つ – eight, eight things (yattsu)
ここのつ、九つ – nine, nine things (kokonotsu)
とお、十 – ten, ten things (tō)

Abstract nouns

これ – this, it (kore)
それ – that (sore)
あれ – that over there (are)
どれ – which (dore)
こちら、こっち – this direction, thing, person, or place (kochira, kocchi)
そちら、そっち – that direction, thing, person, or place (sochira, socchi)
あちら、あっち – that direction, thing, person, or place over there (achira, acchi)
どちら、どっち – which direction, thing, person, or place (dochira, docchi)
ひみつ、秘密 – secret (himitsu)
じどう、自動 – automatic (jidō)
ないよう、内容 – content (naiyō)
はば、幅 – width, breadth, free room, difference (between two substances) (haba)
せいしき、正式 – formality (seishiki)
けっこん、結婚 – marriage (kekkon)
げんざい、現在 – now (genzai)
いま、今 – now (ima)
かこ、過去 – past (kako)
みらい、未来 – future (mirai)

Adjectives

Forms

いい、よい、良い – good (ii, yoi)
すごい、凄い – amazing (sugoi)
すばらしい、素晴らしい – wonderful (subarashii)
わるい、悪い – bad, inferior (warui)
たかい、高い – expensive, high (takai)
ひくい、低い – low (hikui)
やすい、安い – cheap (yasui)
おおきい、大きい – big (ōkii)
ちいさい、小さい – small (chiisai)
ほそい、細い – thin (hosoi)
ふとい、太い – thick (futoi)
ふるい、古い – old (furui)
あたらしい、新しい – new (atarashii)
わかい、若い – young (wakai)
かるい、軽い – light, easy (karui)
おもい、重い – heavy (omoi)
やさしい、易しい – easy, simple (yasashii)
むずかしい、難しい – difficult (muzukashii)
やわらかい、柔らかい – soft (yawarakai)
かたい、硬い、堅い – hard (katai)
あつい、熱い、暑い – hot (atsui)
つめたい、冷たい – cold (tsumetai)
さむい、寒い – cold (samui) as in cold weather
おいしい、美味しい – delicious (oishii)
うまい、美味い、旨い – delicious, appetizing (umai)
まずい、不味い – tastes awful (mazui)
あまい、甘い – sweet (amai)
からい、辛い – hot [spicy] (karai)
しょっぱい、塩っぱい – salty (shoppai)
にがい、苦い – bitter (nigai)
うつくしい、美しい – beautiful (utsukushii)

Feelings

うれしい、嬉しい – happy (ureshii)
たのしい、楽しい – fun (tanoshii)
かなしい、悲しい – sad (kanashii)
さびしい、寂しい、淋しい – lonely (sabishii)
さみしい、寂しい、淋しい – sad, lonely (samishii)
こわい、怖い、恐い – scary (kowai)
いたい、痛い – painful (itai)
かゆい、痒い – itchy (kayui)
くさい、臭い – stinky (kusai)
つらい、辛い – painful, heart-breaking (tsurai)

Verbs

する – to do (suru)
やる – to do (yaru)

Existence

いる – to exist [for animate objects] (iru)
ある – to exist [for inanimate objects] (aru)
なる – to become (naru)
おこる、起こる、興る – to occur (okoru)
あらわれる、現れる – to appear (arawareru)
いきる、生きる – to live (ikiru)
うむ、生む、産む – to give birth (umu)
しぬ、死ぬ – to die (shinu)
こわれる、壊れる – to breakⁱⁿ (kowareru)

ⁱⁿ intransitive sense

Movement

いく、行く – to go (iku)
くる、来る – to come (kuru)
かえる、帰る、返る – to return (kaeru)
あるく、歩く – to walk (aruku)
とぶ、飛ぶ – to jump, to fly (tobu)
およぐ、泳ぐ – to swim (oyogu)

Actions

うごく、動く – to moveⁱⁿ (ugoku)
おどる、踊る – to dance (odoru)
ねる、寝る – to sleep (neru)
うたう、歌う – to sing (utau)
かむ、噛む – to bite (kamu)
たべる、食べる – to eat (taberu)
のむ、飲む – to drink (nomu)
さわる、触る – to touch (sawaru)
なげる、投げる – to throw (nageru)
もつ、持つ – to hold (motsu)
うつ、打つ – to hit, to strike (utsu)
なぐる、殴る – to hit, to strike (naguru)
さす、指す – to point (sasu)
さす、刺す – to stab (sasu)
さす、差す – to raise or extend one’s hands (sasu)
ける、蹴る – to kick (keru)
すわる、座る – to sit (suwaru)
たつ、立つ – to stand (tatsu)
はしる、走る – to run (hashiru)

Changes of state

あく、空く – to become unoccupied (aku)
こむ、込む – to be crowded (komu)
いる、要る – to need (iru)
かわく、乾く – to become dry (kawaku)
みだす、乱す – to disturb, to disarrange (midasu)
みだれる、乱れる – to be disturbed, to become confused (midareru)
つかえる、仕える – to serve, to work for (tsukaeru)
そなわる、備わる – to be furnished with (sonawaru)
すぐれる、優れる – to excel, to surpass (sugureru)
ひえる、冷える – to grow cold, to get chilly, to cool down (hieru)
さめる、覚める – to wake, to become sober, to be disillusioned (sameru)
さめる、冷める – to cool down (sameru)
むく、向く – to face, to turn toward (muku)
たおれる、倒れる – to fall, to collapse (taoreru)
かたまる、固まる – to harden, to solidify, to become firm (katamaru)
うまる、埋まる – to be filled, to be surrounded, to overflow (umaru)
うもれる、埋もれる – to be buried, to be covered (umoreru)
ます、増す – to increase, to grow (masu)
ふえる、増える – to increase, to multiply (fueru)
へる、減る – to decrease (heru)
はずれる、外れる – to deviate (hazureru)
ふとる、太る – to grow fat (futoru)
はじまる、始まる – to begin (hajimaru)
おわる、終わる – to finish, to close (owaru)
きめる、決める – to decide (kimeru)

Senses

みる、見る – to see (miru)
きく、聞く、聴く – to hear, to listen (kiku)
さわる、触る – to touch, to feel (sawaru)
かぐ、嗅ぐ – to smell (kagu)

Speech

いう、言う – to say (iu)
はなす、話す – to speak (hanasu)
かたる、語る – to tell (kataru)
かく、書く – to write (kaku)
よむ、読む – to read (yomu)

Work

つかう、使う – to use (tsukau)
つくる、作る、造る、創る – to make (tsukuru)
なおす、直す、治す – to fix, repair (naosu)
すてる、捨てる – to discard, throw away (suteru)
とる、取る、撮る、採る – to take (toru)
おく、置く – to put (oku)

Emotions

かなしむ、悲しむ、哀しむ – to be sad (kanashimu)
なく、泣く – to cry (naku)
わらう、笑う – to laugh (warau)
おこる、怒る – to be angry (okoru)
ほめる、褒める – to encourage (homeru)
しかる、叱る – to scold (shikaru)
よろこぶ、喜ぶ – to celebrate, to be jubilant, to have joy, to have delight, to have rapture (yorokobu)
よろこび、喜び – joy, delight, rapture (yorokobi)
なぐさめる、慰める – to console, to consolate, to provide empathy (nagusameru)
あきる、飽きる – to be disinterested, to be bored, to be tired of, to be weary (akiru)
おどろく、驚く – to be astonished, to be surprised, to be scared (odoroku)

Activities

あう、会う – to meet, to interview (au)
あける、開ける – to open^tr, to unwrap^tr (akeru)
あそぶ、遊ぶ – to play (asobu)
あつまる、集まる – to gatherⁱⁿ (atsumaru)
うる、売る – to sell (uru)
える、得る – to obtain [some benefit or knowledge] (eru)
おる、折る – to break^tr, to fold^tr (oru)
かう、買う – to buy (kau)
きる、切る – to cut (kiru)^†
きる、着る – to wear [on the upper body] (kiru)
はく、履く – to wear [on the lower body] (haku)
かえる、変える – to change^tr (kaeru)
かえる、代える – to exchange, to substitute, to replace (kaeru)
しめる、閉める – to close^tr (shimeru)
しめる、締める – to tie, to fasten (shimeru)
しめる、占める – to comprise, to account for (shimeru)
しる、知る – to know (shiru)^†
つかれる、疲れる – to get tired (tsukareru)
でかける、出掛ける – to go out, to depart (dekakeru)
はたらく、働く – to work [e.g., at a job] (hataraku)
はなす、放す、離す – to let go of (hanasu)
やすむ、休む – to rest, to take a break, to go to bed (yasumu)
わかれる、分かれる – to split intoⁱⁿ, to be divided (wakareru)
わかれる、別れる – to partⁱⁿ, to separateⁱⁿ, to break upⁱⁿ (wakareru)

^tr transitive sense